Nickel Cathode, Cathodic Nickel, Nickel Sheet, Nickel Electrode, Nickel Cathode Plate, Nickel Electrode, 7440-02-0

NICKEL CATHODE (NICKEL CATHODE PLATE)

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

    Nickel Cathode (Ni)
    
    Metallic Lattice Structure
    
         Ni  Ni  Ni  Ni
           \  |  /  |
            Ni Ni Ni Ni
           /  |  \  |
         Ni  Ni  Ni  Ni
    
    Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) Crystal Structure
    Negative Electrode in Electrochemical Cell

Molecular Formula: Ni (Elemental)
Crystal Structure: Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)
Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²
Oxidation States: +2 (primary), +3 (in compounds)
Synonyms: Nickel Cathode, Nickel Electrode, Cathodic Nickel, Nickel Sheet, Nickel Cathode Plate

SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DEFINITION

SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

SECTION 3: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITY

SECTION 4: COMPARISON OF COMMON NICKEL COMPOUNDS

SECTION 5: PRODUCTION METHODS

Method 1: Electrolytic Refining (Most Common Method)

• Process: Crude nickel → Electrolysis → Pure nickel cathode

• Reaction: Ni²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Ni (deposition at cathode)

• Description: Crude nickel is used as anode; Pure nickel is collected on cathode through electrolysis; Most common industrial production method; High-purity nickel (99.9%+) is obtained

Method 2: Carbonyl Process (Mond Process)

• Reaction: Ni + 4CO → Ni(CO)₄ (volatile nickel carbonyl); Ni(CO)₄ → Ni + 4CO (thermal decomposition)

• Description: Nickel ore is reacted with carbon monoxide to form volatile nickel carbonyl; Decomposed by heating to produce high-purity nickel powder or pellets

Method 3: Smelting and Casting

• Process: Nickel ore → Smelting → Purification → Casting → Nickel cathode

• Description: Nickel ore is smelted, purified, and cast into molds; Used for lower-purity products

Method 4: Hydrometallurgical Process

• Process: Nickel ore → Leaching → Purification → Electrolysis → Nickel cathode

• Description: Nickel ore is dissolved in acidic or alkaline solutions; After purification, nickel cathode is obtained through electrolysis

SECTION 6: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND MECHANISM OF ACTION

SECTION 7: MAIN APPLICATION AREAS

SECTION 8: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS (ELECTROLYTIC NICKEL CATHODE)

SECTION 9: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE

SECTION 10: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING

GHS Classification (Compliant with CLP and UN GHS):

Signal Word: WARNING

Hazard Pictograms: GHS08 (Health Hazard), GHS07 (Exclamation Mark), GHS09 (Environment)

Hazard Statements (H-Codes):

NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:

SECTION 11: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

SECTION 12: FIRST AID MEASURES

SECTION 13: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

SECTION 14: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

SECTION 15: PACKAGING OPTIONS

SECTION 16: TRANSPORT INFORMATION

SECTION 17: REGULATORY STATUS

SECTION 18: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

SECTION 19: SUMMARY TABLE

SECTION 20: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES

CRITICAL WARNINGS:

• Suspected of causing cancer (H351). Nickel compounds are known carcinogens. Avoid inhalation of dust and fumes.

• May cause an allergic skin reaction (H317). Nickel allergy is common. Avoid skin contact.

• May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled (H334). Use respiratory protection.

• Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects (H411). Prevent environmental release.

• Non-combustible but powder form may be combustible.

• High corrosion resistance but avoid contact with acids.

• Nickel allergy may develop upon contact. Use appropriate PPE.

• Hygiene Requirement: Contaminated clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

• Electroplating: Use as nickel source in electrolytic plating processes; Operate at correct current density and temperature; Perform regular bath analysis; Ideal for corrosion resistance and aesthetic appearance.

• Battery Production: Use as electrode material in Ni-Cd and NiMH batteries; Prefer high-purity nickel cathode; Optimize electrode thickness and surface area.

• Catalyst Applications: Use in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions; Prefer high surface area nickel; Optimize reaction conditions.

• Stainless Steel Production: Use as alloying element; Increases corrosion resistance; Improves mechanical properties; Enhances thermal resistance.

• Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas; Avoid dust generation; Wear protective gloves, safety goggles, and appropriate respiratory protection.

• Personal Protective Equipment: Protective gloves (nitrile, neoprene), safety goggles, protective clothing, NIOSH-approved dust mask/respirator.

• Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using; Do not take contaminated working clothes home; Shower at the end of the work shift.

• Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; Keep away from moisture and incompatible substances; Store in original packaging.

• Spill Response: Avoid dust generation; Vacuum or sweep; Place in closed containers; Do not allow to enter drains or waterways.

• Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; Do not discharge into sewers or water sources; Nickel is regulated as hazardous waste.

SPECIAL NOTE ON NICKEL ALLERGY:

Nickel is one of the most common contact allergens:

• Prevalence: ~10-20% of the population has nickel sensitivity

• Symptoms: Redness, itching, rash, blistering

• Sources: Jewelry, watches, belt buckles, metal contact

• Prevention: Avoid skin contact; Use PPE; Limit contact if sensitized

SPECIAL NOTE ON ELECTROPLATING APPLICATIONS:

Nickel cathode plays a critical role in electroplating:

• As Anode: Nickel ions go into solution

• As Cathode: Nickel ions deposit on surface

• Bath Composition: Nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, boric acid

• Conditions: pH 3.5-4.5, Temperature 45-60°C, Current density 2-8 A/dm²

• Result: Bright, corrosion-resistant nickel coating

LEGAL DISCLAIMER:

The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, this document does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing suitability for their own applications. For complete safety, storage, handling, transportation, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.