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Patates Nişastası, Mısır Nişastası, Potato Starch, Corn Starch, Maize Starch, Modified Starch, Native Starch, E1414, 9005-25-8

Potato Starch, Corn Starch, Maize Starch, Modified Starch, Native Starch, E1414, 9005-25-8

POTATO STARCH & CORN STARCH
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION

Parameter Potato Starch Corn Starch
Product Name Potato Starch Corn Starch
Chemical Name Potato Starch Corn Starch / Maize Starch
Synonyms (Turkish) Patates Nişastası Mısır Nişastası
Synonyms (English) Potato Starch, Potato Flour Corn Starch, Maize Starch, Cornflour
CAS Number 9005-25-8 9005-25-8
E Number E1414 (modified) / Native E1414 (modified) / Native
Source Potato tubers Corn kernels (maize)
Appearance White, homogeneous powder White, fine powder
Odor Odorless Odorless

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

Starch (General Structure)

Amylose (Linear) + Amylopectin (Branched)

—(α-D-Glucose)ₙ—

Molecular Formula: (C₆H₁₀O₅)ₙ
Structure: Natural polysaccharide composed of two components:

  • Amylose (20-30%): Linear polymer of α-D-glucose linked by α-1,4 glycosidic bonds

  • Amylopectin (70-80%): Branched polymer with α-1,4 and α-1,6 glycosidic bonds

  • Potato Starch: Higher amylose content, larger granules, higher viscosity

  • Corn Starch: Lower amylose content, smaller granules, moderate viscosity

SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DESCRIPTION

Parameter Potato Starch Corn Starch
Product Name Potato Starch Corn Starch
Chemical Name Potato Starch Corn Starch / Maize Starch
Synonyms (Turkish) Patates Nişastası Mısır Nişastası
Synonyms (English) Potato Starch, Potato Flour Corn Starch, Maize Starch, Cornflour
CAS Number 9005-25-8 9005-25-8
E Number Native / E1414 (modified) Native / E1414 (modified)
Chemical Class Natural polysaccharide; Carbohydrate Natural polysaccharide; Carbohydrate
Source Potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum) Corn kernels (Zea mays)
Appearance White, homogeneous powder White, fine powder
Odor Odorless Odorless
Taste Tasteless Tasteless

SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Property Potato Starch Corn Starch Test Method / Note
Appearance White, homogeneous powder White, fine powder Visual
Odor Odorless Odorless Olfactometric
Moisture Content ≤ 20.5% ≤ 12-14% Gravimetric
pH (10% Slurry) 6.0 – 8.0 5.5 – 7.0 pH Meter
Granule Size 15 – 100 μm 5 – 25 μm Microscopy
Amylose Content ~25-30% ~25-28%
Amylopectin Content ~70-75% ~72-75%
Gelatinization Temperature 58-65°C 62-72°C DSC
Peak Viscosity Very High (800-1500 BU) High (600-1000 BU) Rapid Visco Analyzer
Pasting Temperature Low Medium
Gel Clarity Translucent (semi-transparent) Opaque
Retrogradation Low High
Freeze-Thaw Stability Good Poor
Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂) ≤ 5 ppm ≤ 10 ppm
Protein Content ≤ 0.5% ≤ 0.3%
Fat Content ≤ 0.1% ≤ 0.1%
Ash Content ≤ 0.5% ≤ 0.2%
Solubility in Cold Water Insoluble Insoluble General Method
Solubility in Hot Water Soluble (gelatinizes) Soluble (gelatinizes) General Method
Gluten Content Gluten-free Gluten-free

SECTION 3: POTATO STARCH VS CORN STARCH COMPARISON

Property Potato Starch Corn Starch
Source Potato tubers Corn kernels
Granule Size Large (15-100 μm) Small (5-25 μm)
Gelatinization Temperature Low (58-65°C) Higher (62-72°C)
Peak Viscosity Very High High
Gel Clarity Translucent (semi-transparent) Opaque
Retrogradation Low (less thickening) High (thickens on cooling)
Freeze-Thaw Stability Good Poor
Crispiness (Frying) Higher (becomes crispier) Moderate
Binding Strength Excellent Good
Textile Industry Use Excellent Moderate
Cost Higher Lower
Primary Use Soups, sauces, desserts, textiles, pharmaceuticals Sauces, soups, bakery, frying
E Number Native / E1414 (modified) Native / E1414 (modified)

SECTION 4: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITY

Parameter Information
Chemical Character Natural polysaccharide; Carbohydrate; Non-ionic; Thickener; Binder
Stability Stable under normal conditions; Hygroscopic; Gelatinizes upon heating
Reactivity Gelatinizes in hot water; Retrogrades upon cooling; Crosslinks with chemical agents (modified starches)
Incompatible Materials Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids (hydrolysis)
Polymerization Does not polymerize
Degradation Products (Heating) Carbon dioxide, water (combustion)
Gelatinization Irreversible swelling and dissolution upon heating in water
Retrogradation Reassociation of starch molecules upon cooling (thickening)
Hydrolysis Acid hydrolysis to glucose; Enzymatic hydrolysis by amylase
Crosslinking Can be crosslinked with chemical agents to modify properties
Film Formation Forms films upon drying

SECTION 5: PRODUCTION METHOD

Potato Starch Production:

Step Process
1 Potatoes are washed and cleaned
2 Potatoes are crushed and ground
3 Starch is extracted with water (cell juice removed)
4 Starch slurry is purified (centrifugation)
5 Starch is dried and milled

Corn Starch Production:

Step Process
1 Corn kernels are cleaned and steeped in water (sulfurous acid)
2 Germ is separated
3 Kernels are ground and fiber removed
4 Starch is separated from protein (centrifugation)
5 Starch is washed, dried, and milled

SECTION 6: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND MECHANISM OF ACTION

Property Potato Starch Corn Starch Description
Thickener Excellent Excellent Gelatinizes upon heating to increase viscosity
Binder Excellent Good Binds particles together
Gelling Agent Good Good Forms gels upon cooling
Texturizer Excellent Good Provides texture and body
Crispiness Enhancer Excellent Moderate Improves crispiness in fried foods
Film Former Good Good Forms edible films
Water Retention Excellent Good Holds water in food products
Freeze-Thaw Stability Good Poor Resists syneresis after freezing
Gel Clarity Translucent Opaque Potato starch gives clearer gels
Retrogradation Low High Potato starch retrogrades less
Gluten-free Yes Yes Suitable for celiac patients

SECTION 7: MAIN APPLICATION AREAS

7.1 Potato Starch Applications

Industry / Application Function Typical Use
Food Industry Thickener, binder, texturizer Soups, sauces, gravies; Desserts, puddings; Bakery products; Processed meats; Frozen foods; Snack coatings; Salep production
Bakery Moisture retention, texture Bread, cakes, cookies; Gluten-free products
Confectionery Binder, texture Candies, chewing gum, marshmallows
Dairy Products Thickener, stabilizer Yogurt, ice cream, puddings
Textile Industry Sizing agent, thickener Fabric finishing, printing pastes
Paper Industry Surface sizing, coating Paper coatings, surface sizing
Pharmaceuticals Binder, disintegrant Tablets, capsules
Cosmetics Thickener, binder Creams, lotions, powders
Animal Feed Binder, thickener Pellet binding
Adhesives Binder, thickener Glues, pastes
Mining Flocculant, thickener Mineral processing
Water Treatment Flocculant Wastewater treatment

7.2 Corn Starch Applications

Industry / Application Function Typical Use
Food Industry Thickener, binder, texturizer Sauces, soups, gravies; Puddings, custards; Bakery products; Processed meats; Frozen foods; Coatings for frying
Bakery Texture, moisture Bread, cakes, cookies; Gluten-free products
Confectionery Binder, gelling agent Candies, marshmallows
Dairy Products Thickener Yogurt, ice cream
Frying Crispiness enhancer Fried chicken, fish, vegetables
Textile Industry Sizing agent Fabric finishing
Paper Industry Coating, sizing Paper manufacturing
Pharmaceuticals Binder, disintegrant Tablets, capsules
Cosmetics Thickener Powders, creams
Biotechnology Substrate Fermentation, ethanol production

SECTION 8: SAMPLE FORMULATIONS

Thickening with Potato Starch (1 L Sauce):

Component Amount
Liquid (Water/Broth/Milk) 1 L
Potato Starch 20 – 40 g
Seasonings To taste

Instructions: Mix starch with cold liquid (slurry); Add to hot liquid with stirring; Heat to 85-95°C until thickened; Cook for 1-2 minutes.

Thickening with Corn Starch (1 L Sauce):

Component Amount
Liquid (Water/Broth/Milk) 1 L
Corn Starch 20 – 30 g
Seasonings To taste

Instructions: Mix starch with cold liquid (slurry); Add to hot liquid with stirring; Heat to 90-95°C until thickened; Cook for 1-2 minutes.

Frying Coating (Potato Starch):

Component Amount
Potato Starch 100 g
Flour 100 g
Seasonings To taste

Instructions: Mix dry ingredients; Coat food; Fry until golden and crispy.

SECTION 9: USAGE INSTRUCTIONS

General Dosing Guide:

Application Potato Starch (%) Corn Starch (%)
Soups 1 – 3% 1 – 3%
Sauces 2 – 4% 2 – 4%
Gravies 2 – 5% 2 – 5%
Puddings 3 – 6% 3 – 6%
Bakery 2 – 5% 2 – 5%
Meat Products 1 – 3% 1 – 3%
Frozen Foods 2 – 4% 2 – 4%

Instructions:

  1. Slurry Preparation: Mix starch with cold water (1:2 ratio) to form a smooth slurry.

  2. Addition: Add slurry to hot liquid with continuous stirring.

  3. Heating: Heat to gelatinization temperature (Potato: 58-65°C; Corn: 62-72°C).

  4. Cooking: Cook for 1-2 minutes after thickening (to remove raw taste).

  5. Cooling: Starch will thicken further upon cooling.

  6. Storage: Starch solutions are not stable for long periods (syneresis may occur).

SECTION 10: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS

Parameter Potato Starch (Food Grade) Corn Starch (Food Grade) Test Method
Appearance White, homogeneous powder White, fine powder Visual
Moisture Content ≤ 20.5% ≤ 14% Gravimetric (105°C)
pH (10% Slurry) 6.0 – 8.0 5.5 – 7.0 pH Meter
Ash Content ≤ 0.5% ≤ 0.2% Gravimetric (800°C)
Protein Content ≤ 0.5% ≤ 0.3% Kjeldahl
Fat Content ≤ 0.1% ≤ 0.1% Soxhlet
Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂) ≤ 5 ppm ≤ 10 ppm
Granule Size 15 – 100 μm 5 – 25 μm Microscopy
Gelatinization Temp 58 – 65°C 62 – 72°C DSC
Viscosity (Peak) 800 – 1500 BU 600 – 1000 BU RVA
Heavy Metals (as Pb) ≤ 10 ppm ≤ 10 ppm AAS / ICP
Arsenic (As) ≤ 3 ppm ≤ 3 ppm AAS / ICP
Salmonella Absent Absent Microbiological
E. coli Absent Absent Microbiological

SECTION 11: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE

Parameter Potato Starch Corn Starch
Acute Oral Toxicity (LD50, Rat) > 10,000 mg/kg (non-toxic) > 10,000 mg/kg (non-toxic)
Acute Dermal Toxicity Non-irritating Non-irritating
Skin Irritation Non-irritating Non-irritating
Eye Irritation May cause mechanical irritation May cause mechanical irritation
Chronic Toxicity Non-toxic; GRAS status Non-toxic; GRAS status
Carcinogenicity Not classified as carcinogenic Not classified as carcinogenic
Mutagenicity Not mutagenic Not mutagenic
Allergenicity Not a known allergen Not a known allergen
Gluten Content Gluten-free Gluten-free
Special Toxicity Note Non-toxic; GRAS status; Gluten-free; Suitable for celiac patients; High doses may cause digestive discomfort; Raw starch is not digestible  

SECTION 12: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING

GHS Classification (in accordance with CLP and UN GHS):

Hazard Class Category H-Statement
Not classified as hazardous

SIGNAL WORD: NONE (not classified as hazardous)

Hazard Pictograms: NONE

Hazard Statements (H-Codes): Not classified as hazardous under GHS regulations.

NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:

Health Flammability Reactivity Special
1 1 0 -
(Slight health hazard – dust) (Combustible – dust may form explosive mixture) (Stable) (None)

SECTION 13: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)

Code Statement
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray
P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling
P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection
P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water
P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing
P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and continue rinsing
P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor if you feel unwell
P332+P313 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention
P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention
P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse
P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed
P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations

SECTION 14: FIRST AID MEASURES

Exposure Route Action to Take
Inhalation Remove to fresh air immediately. If respiratory irritation develops (dust inhalation), seek medical attention.
Skin Contact Wash with plenty of soap and water. If irritation persists, get medical attention.
Eye Contact Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Keep eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if present. If irritation persists, seek medical attention.
Ingestion Rinse mouth. Drink plenty of water. Generally non-toxic. If large quantities are ingested and symptoms occur, seek medical attention.

SECTION 15: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

Parameter Information
Fire Hazard Combustible organic material. Dust cloud may form explosive mixture with air (if finely dispersed).
Hazards Arising from Fire Thermal decomposition produces carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water.
Suitable Extinguishing Media Water spray, CO₂, dry chemical powder, foam.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media Water jet (may spread dust)
Special Protective Equipment Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing (for surrounding fire).
Special Precautions Prevent dust from entering sewers and waterways. Avoid dust cloud formation.

SECTION 16: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE

Parameter Potato Starch Corn Starch
Storage Conditions Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; PROTECT FROM MOISTURE and high humidity; Keep away from direct sunlight and high temperatures Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; PROTECT FROM MOISTURE and high humidity
Container Requirements Tightly closed, moisture-proof containers (plastic bags, fiber drums, paper bags with PE liner) Tightly closed, moisture-proof containers
Materials to Protect From Moisture, high humidity, strong oxidizing agents, direct heat sources Moisture, high humidity, strong oxidizing agents
Shelf Life 24 – 36 months (in unopened original packaging) 24 – 36 months
Stability Note Hygroscopic – absorbs moisture; Keep container tightly closed after opening; Protect from excessive humidity Hygroscopic – absorbs moisture; Keep container tightly closed after opening
Special Storage Requirements Store in a dry, well-ventilated warehouse; Avoid exposure to rain, sun, and moisture; Opened containers must be resealed immediately Same as potato starch

SECTION 17: PACKAGING OPTIONS

Packaging Type Quantity Material
Multi-layer Paper Bag 10 kg, 20 kg, 25 kg PE-lined kraft paper bag (moisture-proof)
Plastic Bag 5 kg, 10 kg, 25 kg PE bag (inner-lined, sealed, moisture-proof)
Fiber Drum 20 kg, 25 kg PE-lined fiberboard drum
Plastic Drum 25 kg, 50 kg HDPE / Polypropylene (moisture-proof)
FIBC / Big Bag 500 kg, 1000 kg PE-lined, moisture-resistant PP woven bag
Small Pack 1 kg, 5 kg Foil-lined plastic bags (laboratory/sample)

SECTION 18: TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Parameter Information
UN Number Not regulated (non-hazardous)
Hazard Class Not applicable
Packing Group Not applicable
ADR/RID Not regulated
IMDG Code Not regulated (non-hazardous)
IATA (Air) Not regulated (non-hazardous)
Marine Pollutant No
Transport Temperature Ambient temperature; Protect from moisture.

SECTION 19: REGULATORY STATUS

Region / Authority Status
European Union Food additive; Approved; Not classified as hazardous
USA (TSCA) Listed (TSCA Inventory)
USA (FDA) GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe); Food starch
Turkey Food additive; Subject to KKDIK regulation
IARC Not classified (non-toxic, non-carcinogenic)
NTP Not listed
OSHA Not regulated as toxic or carcinogenic substance
California (Prop 65) Not listed
WHO JECFA Approved
FCC (Food Chemicals Codex) Listed
Halal Yes
Kosher Yes (with certification)
Vegan Yes (plant-based)
Gluten-free Yes

SECTION 20: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS

Type Potato Starch Corn Starch
Turkish Names Patates Nişastası Mısır Nişastası
English Names Potato Starch, Potato Flour Corn Starch, Maize Starch, Cornflour
E Number E1414 (modified) / Native E1414 (modified) / Native
CAS Number 9005-25-8 9005-25-8
HS Code 1108.13 1108.12
Synonyms Potato Flour, Starch from Potatoes Corn Starch, Maize Starch, Cornflour

SECTION 21: SUMMARY TABLE

Parameter Potato Starch Corn Starch
Product Potato Starch Corn Starch
CAS Number 9005-25-8 9005-25-8
Source Potato tubers Corn kernels
Appearance White, homogeneous powder White, fine powder
Moisture Content ≤ 20.5% ≤ 14%
pH (10% Slurry) 6.0 – 8.0 5.5 – 7.0
Gelatinization Temperature 58 – 65°C 62 – 72°C
Peak Viscosity Very High (800-1500 BU) High (600-1000 BU)
Gel Clarity Translucent Opaque
Freeze-Thaw Stability Good Poor
Primary Function Thickener, binder, texturizer Thickener, binder, texturizer
Main Application Areas Food (soups, sauces, bakery), textiles, pharmaceuticals Food (sauces, bakery, frying), textiles, paper
Shelf Life 24 – 36 months 24 – 36 months
GHS Signal Word NONE NONE
UN Number Not regulated Not regulated
Gluten-free Yes Yes
Vegan Yes Yes

SECTION 22: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICESCRITICAL WARNINGS:

  • Not classified as hazardous under GHS. Non-toxic, non-carcinogenic. FDA GRAS status.

  • Hygroscopic – absorbs moisture from air. Store in tightly closed, moisture-proof containers.

  • Dust may cause mechanical irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Use appropriate dust control measures.

  • Combustible (organic material). Keep away from open flames and high heat. Dust cloud may form explosive mixture.

  • Potato Starch gives higher viscosity – use lower dosage compared to corn starch.

  • Potato Starch has lower gelatinization temperature – thickens at lower temperatures.

  • Potato Starch gives clearer gels – preferred for transparent applications.

  • Potato Starch has better freeze-thaw stability – preferred for frozen foods.

  • Corn Starch retrogrades more – thickens further on cooling.

  • Always make a slurry with cold water before adding to hot liquid (prevents lumps).

  • Gluten-free – suitable for celiac patients.

BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:

Thickening: Use 2-4% starch for sauces and soups; Potato starch gives higher viscosity (use less); Corn starch gives moderate viscosity; Always make cold water slurry before adding to hot liquid.

Frying: Potato starch gives crispier results; Use as coating for fried foods; Mix with flour for better adhesion; Do not overcrowd during frying.

Bakery: Use 2-5% starch for improved texture; Potato starch for better moisture retention; Corn starch for lighter texture; Gluten-free baking requires starch blends.

Frozen Foods: Potato starch has better freeze-thaw stability; Use for frozen soups, sauces, and prepared meals; Prevents syneresis (water separation).

Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas; Avoid dust formation; Use dust masks (N95/FFP2) when handling powder; Use gloves and safety goggles.

Personal Protective Equipment: Dust mask (N95/FFP2 or higher), safety goggles, protective gloves (nitrile, neoprene). Not required for solution handling.

Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Do not eat, drink, or smoke while using.

Storage: Store in tightly closed, moisture-proof containers; Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; Protect from moisture, rain, sunlight, and high humidity; Opened packages should be resealed immediately; Shelf life: 24-36 months under proper conditions.

Spill Management: Sweep or vacuum (HEPA) and place in suitable sealed container; Avoid dust formation; Do not allow entry into drains or waterways.

Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; Non-hazardous waste; Biodegradable; Can be incinerated in compliance with regulations.

QUICK SELECTION GUIDE:

Application Recommended Starch Reason
Sauces and Soups Corn Starch Clean flavor, moderate viscosity
Clear Sauces Potato Starch Translucent gel
Fried Foods Potato Starch Crispier texture
Frozen Foods Potato Starch Better freeze-thaw stability
Bakery Potato Starch Moisture retention
Puddings Corn Starch Good gel formation
Gluten-free Baking Blend (Potato + Corn) Better texture and structure
Textile Sizing Potato Starch Higher viscosity, better adhesion
Pharmaceutical Tablets Corn Starch Good binding and disintegration

MODIFIED STARCHES (E1400-E1500):

E Number Name Modification Application
E1400 Dextrin Hydrolysis Food coatings, pharmaceuticals
E1401 Acid-Treated Starch Acid hydrolysis Thickener, stabilizer
E1402 Alkali-Treated Starch Alkali treatment Thickener, stabilizer
E1403 Bleached Starch Oxidation Thickener, stabilizer
E1404 Oxidized Starch Hypochlorite oxidation Thickener, stabilizer
E1410 Monostarch Phosphate Phosphorylation Thickener, stabilizer
E1420 Starch Acetate Acetylation High temperature stability
E1440 Hydroxypropyl Starch Propylene oxide Acid/alkali stability, improved color

LEGAL DISCLAIMER:
The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, it does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing the suitability for their own applications. For complete safety, storage, use, handling, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.

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