We unleash your business potential by maximize the business innovation.
Send EmailSodium Erythorbate, Sodium Isoascorbate, Sodium D-isoascorbate, Sodium D-Araboascorbate, SE, E316, 6381-77-7
SODIUM ERYTHORBATE (E316)
PRODUCT IDENTIFIER INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Sodium Erythorbate |
| Chemical Name (IUPAC) | Sodium (2R)-2-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-2H-furan-4-olate |
| CAS Number | 6381-77-7 |
| EC Number (EINECS) | 228-973-9 |
| Food Additive Code | E316 |
| Molecular Formula | C6H7NaO6 |
| Molecular Weight | 198.11 g/mol |
SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DESCRIPTION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name (IUPAC) | Sodium (2R)-2-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-2H-furan-4-olate |
| Systematic Name | D-Isoascorbic Acid Sodium Salt; Erythorbic Acid Sodium Salt |
| Synonyms | Sodium Erythorbate, Sodium Isoascorbate, Sodium D-isoascorbate, Erythorbic Acid Sodium Salt, Sodium D-Araboascorbate |
| Abbreviations | SE, NaEry |
| CAS Number | 6381-77-7 |
| EC Number (EINECS) | 228-973-9 |
| Food Additive Code | E316 |
| INS Number | 316 |
| Molecular Formula | C6H7NaO6 |
| Molecular Weight | 198.11 g/mol |
| Chemical Class | Organic acid salt (sodium salt of D-erythorbic/isoascorbic acid) |
| Stereoisomerism | Stereoisomer of Sodium Ascorbate (L-ascorbate); D-isoascorbate |
| , Physical State (20°C) | Solid (white or yellowish-white crystalline powder) |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Taste | Slightly salty, characteristic |
SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Value | Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White or yellowish-white crystalline powder | Visual |
| Odor | Odorless | Olfactometric |
| Taste | Slightly salty, characteristic | Sensory |
| Molecular Weight | 198.11 g/mol | Calculated |
| Melting Point | >200°C (with decomposition) | DSC |
| pH (2% solution, 25°C) | 5.5 – 8.0 | pH Meter |
| Solubility in Water (20°C) | ~146 g/L (17 g/100 mL; freely soluble) | Gravimetric |
| Solubility in Ethanol | Practically insoluble | General Method |
| Specific Optical Rotation ([α]20D) | -16.5° to -18.5° (c=5, H2O) | Polarimetry |
| Hygroscopicity | Moderate | Visual |
| Stability (Solid, Dry Air) | Very stable | |
| Stability (Solution) | Degrades/oxidizes in presence of air, trace metals, heat, and light | |
| Flash Point | Non-flammable | Not applicable |
SECTION 3: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITY
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Chemical Character | Organic acid salt; reducing agent; antioxidant |
| Stability | Very stable in solid form in dry air; oxidizes in aqueous solution in presence of air, metals, heat, and light |
| Oxidation | Oxidizes by scavenging oxygen in aqueous solution; shifts redox potential to reducing range |
| Decomposition Products (Heating) | Above 200°C: CO, CO2, Na2O, water vapor |
| Incompatible Materials | Strong oxidizing agents, heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Fe3+), alkaline environments |
| Difference from Sodium Ascorbate | Stereoisomer; equivalent antioxidant capacity but no vitamin C activity |
| Hazardous Polymerization | Does not occur |
SECTION 4: SODIUM ERYTHORBATE AND SODIUM ASCORBATE COMPARISON
| Property | Sodium Erythorbate (E316) | Sodium Ascorbate (E301) |
|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | 6381-77-7 | 134-03-2 |
| Chemical Name | Sodium D-isoascorbate | Sodium L-ascorbate |
| Stereoisomer | D-isoascorbate (erythorbate) | L-ascorbate (ascorbate) |
| Vitamin C Activity | None (~5%) | Yes (~100%) |
| Antioxidant Capacity | Equivalent | Equivalent |
| pH (2% solution) | 5.5 – 8.0 | 7.0 – 8.0 |
| Solubility in Water | ~17 g/100 mL | ~62 g/100 mL |
| Specific Optical Rotation | -16.5° to -18.5° | +103° to +108° |
| Food Additive Code | E316 | E301 |
| Primary Use | Meat curing accelerator, antioxidant | Vitamin C source, antioxidant |
| Cost | Lower | Higher |
SECTION 5: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND MECHANISM OF ACTION
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Antioxidant | Prevents oxidation by scavenging oxygen and reducing quinones back to polyphenols; keeps food fresh (color, flavor) |
| Curing Accelerator | Accelerates reduction of nitrite/nitrate to nitric oxide (NO); enables rapid development of pink/red color in meat |
| Color Stabilizer | Maintains desired red color in processed meat products (sausages, ham, bacon) |
| Preservative | Inhibits microbial growth; extends shelf life of foods |
| Anti-browning Agent | Prevents enzymatic browning (polyphenol oxidase) in fruits and vegetables |
| Redox Potential Regulator | Shifts redox potential to reducing range in cosmetic formulations; reduces formation of undesirable oxidation products |
SECTION 6: PRIMARY APPLICATION AREAS
| Sector / Application | Use | Typical Concentration / Dosage |
|---|---|---|
| Meat - Sausages, Ham, Bacon | Curing accelerator, color stabilizer | 0.05 – 0.2% |
| Meat - Fresh Meat | Color stability, shelf life extension | 0.05 – 0.2% |
| Fish Products | Curing accelerator, antioxidant | 0.05 – 0.2% |
| Fruits and Vegetables | Anti-browning agent (dipping/spraying) | 0.5 – 2.0% (solution) |
| Canned Foods | Antioxidant, preservative | 0.05 – 0.3% |
| Cosmetics | Antioxidant, anticorrosive color additive | 0.1 – 1.0% |
SECTION 7: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS (FOOD GRADE - E316)
| Parameter | Specification | Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White or yellowish-white crystalline powder | Visual |
| Odor | Odorless | Olfactometric |
| Purity (C6H7NaO6, Dry Basis) | 98.0 – 102.0% | Iodometric Titration / HPLC |
| Specific Optical Rotation ([α]20D) | -16.5° to -18.5° (c=5, H2O) | Polarimetry |
| pH (2% solution, 25°C) | 5.5 – 8.0 | pH Meter |
| Loss on Drying (105°C, 2 hours) | ≤ 0.5% | Gravimetric |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤ 2 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 3 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Mercury (Hg) | ≤ 1 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Cadmium (Cd) | ≤ 1 ppm | ICP-MS |
| Total Microbial Count | ≤ 1,000 CFU/g | ISO 4833 |
| Yeast and Mold | ≤ 100 CFU/g | ISO 21527 |
| E. coli | Negative in 10g | ISO 16649 |
| Salmonella spp. | Negative in 25g | ISO 6579 |
SECTION 8: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Acute Oral Toxicity (LD50, Rat) | > 5,000 mg/kg (very low toxicity) |
| Skin Irritation | Not irritating |
| Eye Irritation | Mild mechanical irritation (dust) |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified |
| Mutagenicity | Negative in in vitro tests |
| ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) | 0-5 mg/kg body weight/day (JECFA) |
| GRAS Status | Recognized as GRAS by FDA |
SECTION 9: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING
GHS Classification (compliant with 1272/2008/EC):
| Hazard Class | Category | H-Statement |
|---|---|---|
| Not classified | - | Not classified as hazardous according to current regulations |
Signal Word: No signal word
Hazard Pictograms: No pictograms required
Precautionary Statements:
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| P261 | Avoid breathing dust |
| P280 | Wear protective goggles (in dusty environments) |
SECTION 10: FIRST AID MEASURES
| Exposure Route | Action to Take |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Move to fresh air. Seek medical attention if respiratory irritation persists. |
| Skin Contact | Wash with plenty of water and soap. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses if present. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth with water. Drink plenty of water. Seek medical attention if you feel unwell. |
SECTION 11: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Fire Hazard | Non-flammable |
| Hazards During Fire | Above 200°C: CO, CO2, Na2O |
| Suitable Extinguishing Media | Any extinguishing media appropriate for surrounding fire |
| Special Protective Equipment | Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing |
SECTION 12: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Conditions | Cool (15-25°C), dry, well-ventilated area; protect from direct light |
| Container Requirements | Tightly closed, light-resistant containers |
| Keep Away From | Air (oxygen), light, heat, moisture, heavy metal ions |
| Shelf Life | 24 months (unopened original packaging under appropriate storage conditions) |
| Stability Note | Very stable in solid form in dry air; protect solutions from air, metals, heat, and light |
SECTION 13: PACKAGING OPTIONS
| Packaging Type | Quantity | Material |
|---|---|---|
| Aluminum foil pouch (light and oxygen-proof) | 1 kg | Laminated aluminum |
| Aluminum foil pouch (light and oxygen-proof) | 5 kg | Laminated aluminum |
| Kraft bag with PE inner liner (light-protected) | 25 kg | Kraft paper + PE |
| Fiber drum (light-protected) | 25-50 kg | Fiberboard + PE |
SECTION 14: TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| UN Number | Not regulated (not hazardous) |
| Hazard Class | Not applicable |
| Packing Group | Not applicable |
| ADR/RID | Not regulated |
| IMDG Code | Not regulated |
| IATA (Air) | Not regulated |
| Marine Pollutant | No |
| Transport Temperature | Ambient; protect from light, moisture, and oxygen |
SECTION 15: REGULATORY STATUS
| Region / Authority | Status |
|---|---|
| European Union | Food additive E316; approved for use |
| USA (FDA) | GRAS; approved as food additive |
| JECFA (FAO/WHO) | ADI: 0-5 mg/kg body weight/day |
| Turkey | Approved under Turkish Food Codex Regulation on Food Additives |
| Halal / Kosher / Vegan | Available |
SECTION 16: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS
| Type | Name |
|---|---|
| Common Names | Sodium Erythorbate, Sodium Isoascorbate, Sodium D-isoascorbate |
| Chemical Names | Erythorbic Acid Sodium Salt, D-Isoascorbic Acid Sodium Salt |
| Food Additive Code | E316, INS 316 |
| CAS Number | 6381-77-7 |
| EC Number | 228-973-9 |
SECTION 17: VITAMIN C FORMS EXTENDED COMPARISON
| Property | Sodium Erythorbate (E316) | Sodium Ascorbate (E301) | Ascorbic Acid (E300) |
|---|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | 6381-77-7 | 134-03-2 | 50-81-7 |
| Stereoisomer | D-isoascorbate | L-ascorbate | L-ascorbic acid |
| Vitamin C Activity | None (~5%) | Yes (~100%) | Yes (~100%) |
| Antioxidant Capacity | Equivalent | Equivalent | Equivalent |
| pH (Solution) | 5.5 – 8.0 | 7.0 – 8.0 | ~2.5 |
| Solubility in Water | ~17 g/100 mL | ~62 g/100 mL | ~33 g/100 mL |
| Stomach-Friendly | Yes | Yes | No (acidic) |
| Curing Acceleration | Excellent | Good | Good |
| Cost | Lowest | Medium | Low |
SECTION 18: SUMMARY TABLE
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Product | Sodium Erythorbate (E316) |
| CAS Number | 6381-77-7 |
| Food Additive Code | E316 |
| Molecular Formula | C6H7NaO6 |
| Molecular Weight | 198.11 g/mol |
| Appearance | White or yellowish-white crystalline powder |
| pH (2% solution) | 5.5 – 8.0 |
| Solubility in Water (20°C) | ~146 g/L |
| Primary Function | Antioxidant, curing accelerator, color stabilizer |
| Shelf Life | 24 months |
| GHS Signal Word | Not classified |
SECTION 19: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES
CRITICAL WARNINGS:
-
Solution Instability: In aqueous solution, degrades in presence of air, trace metals, heat, and light. Prepare solutions fresh and use immediately.
-
Not a Vitamin C Source: Unlike sodium ascorbate, sodium erythorbate has negligible vitamin C activity. Do not use for vitamin C fortification.
-
Metal Ion Sensitivity: Heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Fe3+) catalyze oxidation. Do not store in metal containers; use stainless steel or HDPE.
-
Light Sensitivity: Protect from direct sunlight and UV exposure.
BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:
-
Meat Curing: Always use in combination with cure salt (nitrite/nitrate) at 0.05-0.2% to accelerate color development and ensure uniform curing.
-
Solution Preparation: Prepare solutions fresh just before use; if storage is necessary, keep under nitrogen atmosphere at 2-8°C protected from light.
-
Anti-browning: Use 0.5-2.0% solution for dipping or spraying fresh-cut fruits and vegetables.
-
Cost-Effective Alternative: Use as a cost-effective alternative to sodium ascorbate in applications where vitamin C activity is not required.
-
Storage: Store in airtight, light-resistant containers in a cool, dry environment.
LEGAL DISCLAIMER:
The information provided in this document is presented in good faith based on our current knowledge and experience; however, since all usage conditions are beyond our control, it does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are obligated to test the suitability for their own applications. For complete safety, storage, handling, transportation, disposal, and regulatory compliance information, refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.
