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Send EmailDipotassium Phosphate, Bipotassium Phosphate, Dipotassium Monophosphate, 7758-11-4
DIPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE – DİPOTASYUM FOSFAT
CAS Number: 7758-11-4
EC Number (EINECS): 231-834-5
Molecular Formula: K₂HPO₄
Molecular Weight: 174.18 g/mol
Chemical Class: Inorganic potassium salt (phosphate)
SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DEFINITION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name (IUPAC) | Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate |
| Other Names | Dipotassium Phosphate, Potassium Phosphate Dibasic, Bipotassium Phosphate, Dipotassium Monophosphate, Hydrogen Bipotassium Phosphate, Phosphoric Acid Potassium Salt |
| Chemical Formula | K₂HPO₄ |
| Molecular Weight | 174.18 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 7758-11-4 |
| EC Number (EINECS) | 231-834-5 |
| Chemical Class | Inorganic potassium salt (phosphate) |
| Appearance | White, crystalline powder or granules |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Physical State (20°C) | Solid (powder or granules) |
| Hygroscopicity | Highly hygroscopic (absorbs moisture) |
SECTION 2: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White, crystalline powder or granules |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Molecular Weight | 174.18 g/mol |
| Melting Point | Decomposes upon heating |
| Density (20°C) | ~2.44 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in Water (20°C) | Soluble (~160 g/L) |
| Solubility in Hot Water | Highly soluble |
| Solubility in Ethanol | Insoluble |
| pH (1% solution) | 8.7 – 9.4 (alkaline) |
| Hygroscopicity | High; deliquescent (absorbs moisture and dissolves) |
| Bulk Density | ~0.9 – 1.1 g/cm³ |
SECTION 3: CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Information |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | K₂HPO₄ |
| Molecular Weight | 174.18 g/mol |
| Chemical Class | Inorganic potassium salt (phosphate) |
| Structure | Potassium salt of phosphoric acid (dibasic) |
| SMILES | [K+].[K+].OP(=O)([O-])[O-] |
| InChI Key | ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L |
| pH (1% solution) | 8.7 – 9.4 (alkaline) |
| Stability | Stable under normal storage conditions |
| Hygroscopicity | Highly hygroscopic |
| Decomposition | Decomposes upon heating; releases phosphoric acid and potassium oxide |
| Incompatible Materials | Strong acids, strong oxidizing agents |
| Distinction from MKP | Contains 2 potassium ions (K₂HPO₄); different from Monopotassium Phosphate (KH₂PO₄) |
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HO-P-O⁻K⁺
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(Dipotassium Hydrogen Phosphate / K₂HPO₄)
SECTION 4: COMPARISON WITH OTHER POTASSIUM PHOSPHATES
| Property | Dipotassium Phosphate (K₂HPO₄) | Monopotassium Phosphate (KH₂PO₄) | Tripotassium Phosphate (K₃PO₄) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | K₂HPO₄ | KH₂PO₄ | K₃PO₄ |
| Molecular Weight | 174.18 g/mol | 136.09 g/mol | 212.27 g/mol |
| pH (1% solution) | 8.7 – 9.4 | 4.4 – 4.7 | 11.5 – 12.0 |
| Solubility in Water | Soluble | Soluble | Soluble |
| Hygroscopicity | High | Low | High |
| Primary Use | Buffer, nutrient | Fertilizer, buffer | Buffer, emulsifier |
SECTION 5: TECHNICAL FUNCTIONALITY
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Primary Function | Buffering agent, pH regulator, sequestrant |
| Secondary Function | Emulsifier, antioxidant synergist, nutrient source |
| Buffering Capacity | Effective in alkaline pH range (8.0-9.5) |
| pH Control | Maintains stable pH in food and pharmaceutical formulations |
| Chelating Effect | Sequesters metal ions; prevents oxidation |
| Nutrient Source | Provides potassium and phosphorus |
| Emulsification | Acts as emulsifying agent in creams and lotions |
SECTION 6: FOOD INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS
| Application | Function |
|---|---|
| Food Industry (General) | Sequestrant (chelating agent), buffering agent, antioxidant synergist |
| Processed Cheese | Emulsifying salt; stabilizer |
| Coffee Creamers | Buffering agent |
| Beverages | pH control, buffering agent |
| Dairy Products | Stabilizer, pH control |
| Meat Products | pH control, moisture retention |
| Soups and Sauces | pH control, stabilizer |
| Baking Powder | Acidulant (with other phosphates) |
| Antioxidant Synergist | Enhances activity of antioxidants (ascorbic acid, tocopherols) |
SECTION 7: PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS
| Application | Function |
|---|---|
| Drug Formulations | Buffering agent; pH regulator |
| Oral Liquids | pH control; buffering |
| Injectable Solutions | Buffering agent (in specific formulations) |
| Effervescent Tablets | Buffer; pH control |
| Antacids | pH buffer |
SECTION 8: COSMETIC AND PERSONAL CARE APPLICATIONS
| Application | Function |
|---|---|
| Skin Creams and Lotions | Emulsifying agent; pH balancer |
| Cosmetic Products | pH regulator; stabilizer |
| Personal Care | pH control; buffering |
SECTION 9: INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
| Application | Function |
|---|---|
| Agriculture | Potassium and phosphorus source in fertilizers |
| Water Treatment | pH control in water treatment systems |
| Automotive Products | Used in manufacturing |
| Industrial Cleaners | Buffering agent; pH control |
SECTION 10: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS (FOOD GRADE)
| Parameter | Specification (FCC / USP / Ph. Eur.) |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White, crystalline powder or granules |
| Identification | Positive (Potassium and Phosphate tests) |
| Assay (on dried basis) | 98.0 – 101.0% |
| pH (1% solution) | 8.7 – 9.4 |
| Loss on Drying | ≤ 2.0% |
| Chlorides (Cl) | ≤ 0.01% |
| Sulfates (SO₄) | ≤ 0.01% |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤ 2 ppm |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 3 ppm |
| Mercury (Hg) | ≤ 1 ppm |
| Cadmium (Cd) | ≤ 1 ppm |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤ 20 ppm |
| Insoluble Matter | ≤ 0.1% |
SECTION 11: MICROBIOLOGICAL SPECIFICATIONS
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Total Aerobic Mesophilic Bacteria | ≤ 1,000 CFU/g |
| Yeast and Mold | ≤ 100 CFU/g |
| Salmonella spp. | Negative in 25g |
| Escherichia coli | Negative in 10g |
SECTION 12: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Conditions | Cool (15-25°C), dry, well-ventilated area |
| Container Requirements | Tightly closed, original packaging (highly hygroscopic) |
| Protect From | Moisture (deliquescent), strong acids, strong oxidizing agents |
| Shelf Life | 24-48 months (unopened original packaging) |
| Stability Note | Highly hygroscopic; absorbs moisture and dissolves; store in airtight containers |
SECTION 13: PACKAGING OPTIONS
| Packaging Type | Quantity | Material |
|---|---|---|
| PE-lined kraft paper bag | 25 kg | Kraft paper + PE |
| Plastic pail | 20-25 kg | HDPE |
| Fiber drum | 25-50 kg | HDPE + PE |
| Big-Bag | 500-1000 kg | Polypropylene (with PE liner) |
SECTION 14: SAFETY AND HEALTH INFORMATION
GHS Classification (Bulk Powder)
| Hazard Class | Category |
|---|---|
| Eye Irritation | Category 2A (H319) |
| Signal Word | Warning |
Hazard Statements (H-Codes)
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation |
Precautionary Statements (P-Codes)
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| P261 | Avoid breathing dust |
| P280 | Wear protective gloves/eye protection |
| P305+P351+P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing |
SECTION 15: TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Oral LD50 (Rat) | > 2,500 mg/kg |
| ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) | Not specified (JECFA) |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified |
| Mutagenicity | Negative in standard tests |
| GRAS Status | Yes (21 CFR 184.1789) |
SECTION 16: FIRST AID MEASURES
| Exposure Route | Action |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Move to fresh air. If respiratory irritation persists, seek medical attention. |
| Skin Contact | Wash with plenty of soap and water. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth. Drink plenty of water. Seek medical attention. |
SECTION 17: REGULATORY STATUS
| Region / Authority | Status |
|---|---|
| European Union | Approved as E340(ii) |
| USA (FDA) | GRAS (21 CFR 184.1789) |
| Turkey | Approved (Turkish Food Codex) |
| JECFA (FAO/WHO) | Approved; ADI: Not specified |
| Codex Alimentarius | Approved (INS 340(ii)) |
| FCC | Monograph available |
| USP | Monograph available |
| Ph. Eur. | Monograph available |
SECTION 18: TRANSPORT INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| UN Number | Not regulated (not dangerous goods) |
| Hazard Class | Not applicable |
| Packing Group | Not applicable |
| ADR/RID | Not regulated |
| IMDG Code | Not regulated |
| IATA (Air) | Not regulated |
| Marine Pollutant | No |
SECTION 19: FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Fire Hazard | Non-combustible (inorganic salt) |
| Suitable Extinguishing Media | Water spray (mist), CO₂, dry chemical powder |
| Specific Hazards | When heated, emits phosphoric acid fumes, potassium oxide |
| Decomposition Products | P₂O₅, K₂O |
| Protective Equipment | Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing |
SECTION 20: ACCIDENTAL SPILLAGE AND CLEANUP
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Personal Protection | Nitrile gloves, protective goggles, dust mask (N95) |
| Cleaning Methods | Sweep or vacuum; avoid dust generation |
| Environmental Precautions | Prevent entry into drains, soil, and surface waters |
| Waste Disposal | According to local regulations; landfilling at licensed facilities |
SECTION 21: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS
| Type | Name |
|---|---|
| Turkish Names | Dipotasyum Fosfat, Potasyum Fosfat Dibazik, Bipotasyum Fosfat, Dipotasyum Monofosfat |
| English Names | Dipotassium Phosphate, Potassium Phosphate Dibasic, Dipotassium Hydrogen Phosphate, Dipotassium Monophosphate |
| Chemical Names | Phosphoric Acid Potassium Salt, Hydrogen Bipotassium Phosphate |
| E Number | E340(ii) |
| CAS Number | 7758-11-4 |
| EC Number | 231-834-5 |
Trade Names (Partial List):
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DK P
-
Various generics
SECTION 22: SUMMARY AND CRITICAL NOTES
Product Summary
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Product | Dipotassium Phosphate |
| CAS Number | 7758-11-4 |
| E Number | E340(ii) |
| Appearance | White, crystalline powder or granules |
| Molecular Weight | 174.18 g/mol |
| Primary Function | Buffering agent, pH regulator, sequestrant |
| Hygroscopicity | Highly hygroscopic |
Critical Notes
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Highly Hygroscopic: Dipotassium phosphate absorbs moisture readily and can dissolve in absorbed water; store in airtight containers.
-
Alkaline pH: 1% solution has pH 8.7-9.4; effective as alkaline buffering agent.
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Distinction from MKP: Contains 2 potassium ions; different from Monopotassium Phosphate (KH₂PO₄) which has only 1 potassium ion.
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E340(ii): Listed as E340(ii) under European food additive regulations.
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Not to be Confused: Often confused with Monopotassium Phosphate (MKP); they have different chemical properties and applications.
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Food Applications: Used as sequestrant, buffering agent, and antioxidant synergist in food products.
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Pharmaceutical Use: Used as buffering agent in drug formulations.
-
Cosmetic Use: Used as emulsifying agent and pH balancer in creams and lotions.
-
GRAS Status: Approved by FDA as GRAS (21 CFR 184.1789).
-
Regulatory Status: Approved in EU (E340(ii)), FDA, JECFA, and Turkish Food Codex.
IMPORTANT DECLARATION: This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only and has been prepared based on available technical data. The user is responsible for determining the product's suitability for their specific application and for complying with all local, national, and international regulations. For complete safety, storage, use, transport, waste, and regulatory compliance information, refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier.
